Sending a Girl and 12 Cats to Space - Dark Footage

5 Mysterious Documented Mermaid Sightings

Especially Pennsylvania

List One

• 11 Hiking Trails to Abandoned Ruins in Pennsylvania
• Things no one tells you before you move to Pennsylvania
• $2 million study looks at hyperloop – 700 mph transit – that would cross Pennsylvania
• Mister Rogers honored with first annual statewide day of kindness in Pennsylvania
• Philly hermit who said world would end in 1694 proven wrong
• 11 reasons why Pa. is wierd
• Dumb Laws in Pennsylvania
• Abandoned & overgrown in Pa.: 16 strange spots from theme parks to trolley graveyards
• The German-Language Newspaper That Got the Scoop on American Independence
• Bigfoot in Pennsylvania
• This Pa. amusement park has the world’s oldest roller coaster
• Centralia mine fire

William Bronston, "The Shape of a Marathon," 1979

https://blogs.uoregon.edu/autismhistoryproject/about-the-project/


https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blogs.uoregon.edu/dist/d/16656/files/2018/11/Bronston-Shape-of-a-Marathon-1jh

William Bronston, “The Shape of a Marathon,” 1979, Carton 11, Folder 18, William Bronston Papers, [BANC MSS 2002/227 c]. Courtesy of The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.

Complete original source available here.

William Bronston was a physician and activist whose career reflected the rise of disability rights consciousness in the 1960s and 1970s, especially as it applied to children and adults with developmental disabilities. Bronston worked for several years at Willowbrook State School in Staten Island, New York, a massive residential institution that housed thousands of developmentally disabled children. In 1972, parents filed a class action lawsuit against the state because of the school’s deplorable conditions, which included overcrowding and physical abuse. Willowbrook became a national rallying cry for deinstitutionalization and a symbol of all that was wrong with segregated institutions. An agreement was reached in 1975 to move Willowbrook children into community placements but the school wasn’t finally shuttered until 1987.

Born and educated in Los Angeles, Bronston returned to California in 1975. He first served as Medical Director of the State Department of Developmental Services and later as Medical Director in the State Department of Rehabilitation. This excerpt illustrates how significant normalization was for professionals like Bronston. He described it as the state’s official philosophy when it came to shaping the lives of developmentally disabled children in the 1970s and beyond.

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 Normalization

There officially exists in California a philosophy of services that is based deeply in values. It submits that in order to grow, each person deserves:

• love, honor and freedom from stigma throughout life
• celebration of being special
• a life-sharing family, home and nurturing support
• a community of concern and friendship
• economic security, health and the full benefit of modern technology with a varied continuum of services
• freedom from the threat of injury due to pollution of food, air, water, and the earth on which we dwell
• the opportunity to grow, learn, choose, work, rest, play, be nourished, to experience well-being
• solitude when needed
• comfort and beauty in which to discover him/herself
• the power to improve his/her environment
• justice
• the dignity of risk, joy and growth of spirit
• a valid social future.

Such philosophy sums up many of the deepest held beliefs about quality of life. These beliefs are at the root of our current and emerging civil rights and human services laws and standards.

How any of us, as human beings, are perceived decides how we are treated in society…. Normalization in theory and operation offers a standard of minimum acceptability on which human services must be conceived, planned, provided, and judged.

Normalization advocates the use of means which are culturally normative in order to offer a person life conditions at least as good as those of the average citizen and, as much as possible, to enhance and support personal behaviors, appearance, experience, status, and reputation to the greatest degree possible….

Normalization insists upon accentuating the positive and eliminating the negative by doing everything possible to integrate people who have special needs into everyday lives so that they may enjoy all we value for ourselves.

Normalization dictates use of the least restrictive or drastic means to help people grow and change to avoid stifling personal liberty….

How do we assure not only that we do no harm, but that we uplift the persons we serve in the eyes of their fellow citizens?….

The idea [of normalization], like a dandelion seed carried on the wind, spread to consumers, planners, teachers, service providers, advocates and researchers alike. If we do our job well, we may at least derive the following service benefits or actions:

• Institution placements prevented
• Persons returned from institutions
• Emotional breakdowns prevented
• Family breakup averted
• Loneliness dispelled
• Health preserved or restored
• Services or social participation enhanced
• Proper treatment provided
• Persons habilitated
• Dollars saved
• Personnel needs reduced
• Justice rendered or preserved.

We are still in the first mile, a mere decade, into a marathon that will stretch on and on towards the excellence of attainment and fulfillment….

It is meant to be a small commitment to common humanity and respect for every human being.

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I wonder how many teenagers and 20-year-olds stocked up on tobacco products last week?

And if so, how much did each spend on their investments? I suppose there are methods for charting tobacco sales by age? Probably Stock fluctuations as well.

But besides the main health concerns regarding tobacco, what else do folks storing large tobacco quantities need to consider? How to keep tobacco fresh and safe? And other related questions and insights I haven't thought of, but that others may have?

Even though I grew up in Virginia where tax was 3 cents a pack and our High School had a vast outdoor, but partly-sheltered smoking lounge, where 14 to 16 year olds could smoke with a parent note, smoking didn't appeal to me, so I'm unfamiliar with many of its aspects. When I quit drinking though, I traded that danger (for me) for chewing tobacco and don't look forward to having to quit in the future. I must say I find chewing tobacco in right doses and favorable brands, to be surprisingly more refreshing and stimulating than I had imagined.

Indeed, its timely and refreshing ironic now that our new law banning cigarette sales takes effect today, a traditional day for quitting. What happens when under-agers bum cigarettes now? A new level of trouble to be aware about for someone trying to be kind, by giving one cigarette to a college student bumming out trying to take a refreshing smoke-break, while intensely cramming all night during important Finals Week.